琼东南盆地中生界潜山天然气成藏模式     

甘军  季洪泉  梁刚  何小胡  熊小峰  李兴 《现代地质》2022,36(5):1242-1253

琼东南盆地基底潜山勘探面临地质年代不清、储层非均质性强及成藏条件复杂等难题。通过开展区域大地构造演化、基底锆石测年、潜山储层描述及成藏动力分析,明确潜山储层发育区及有利成藏区。研究表明,在印支运动、燕山运动及喜山运动叠加控制下,松南低凸起、陵南低凸起大面积发育印支期的花岗岩潜山储层,平面上北西、北东及近东西向三组断裂、裂缝交错切割成网,纵向上形成的风化带-裂缝带总厚度超300 m的双层结构,明确裂缝储层发育的关键因素为脆性矿物和双向流体改造。基于早渐新世古地貌及烃源岩沉积模拟实验研究,提高了崖城组陆源海相烃源岩TOC分布预测精度,明确了中央坳陷优质烃源灶分布规律。综合分析潜山-古近系储层、构造脊展布和崖城组烃源灶的时空配置关系,建立了“松南低凸起源外高潜山天然气长距离侧向有限运聚模式”及“陵南低凸起源边低潜山近距离高效运聚模式”,提出源边低潜山的L26-B是下步勘探的有利目标。  相似文献   

黄豆脲酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀多变量试验研究     

崔猛  符晓  郑俊杰  吕苏颖  熊辉辉  曾晨  韩尚宇 《岩土力学》2022,43(11):3027-3035

植物源脲酶诱导碳酸钙沉淀（enzyme induced carbonate precipitation,简称EICP）可以显著改善砂土的工程力学特性,但在具体操作时,参数取值无对应规范,固化效果有待提升。基于黄豆脲酶,研究了温度、脲酶浓度、尿素浓度、钙浓度、pH值、钙源种类等变量对脲酶活性与碳酸钙沉淀的影响,并进行了沉淀物（碳酸钙晶体）的扫描式电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope,简称SEM）与X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction,简称XRD）测试,在此基础上开展了黄豆脲酶固化砂的无侧限抗压强度与固化效果试验研究。结果表明：脲酶活性随脲酶浓度的增加而线性增长,但存在温度阈值,温度超过阈值后,脲酶将完全失活,且阈值随脲酶浓度的增大而降低;尿素浓度与pH值共同影响脲酶活性,二者存在一个最优组合,当尿素浓度在0.1～1.0 mol/L时最优pH值为7,当尿素浓度在1.0～1.5 mol/L时最优pH值为8。脲酶是沉淀反应的催化剂,脲酶浓度越高,反应越完全,碳酸钙沉淀率越高;尿素与钙溶液则主要通过掺入量影响碳酸钙沉淀量,掺量比例宜为1:1,且二者浓度与pH值可通过影响脲酶活性来影响碳酸钙的沉淀情况;不同钙源对碳酸钙沉淀量的影响幅度不大。不同钙源沉淀碳酸钙晶体的成分与密度基本相同,但晶体结构差异较大,氯化钙沉淀碳酸钙晶体以块状为主,表面分布球状、类球状晶体,胶结面大,可作为EICP技术中较为理想的钙源。基于黄豆脲酶和氯化钙钙源固化砂的无侧限抗压强度约为掺粉煤灰砂样的6倍,通过SEM图像可发现,沉淀碳酸钙晶体包裹并黏结砂粒成为整体,固化效果非常理想。  相似文献   

火山灰增强微生物固化砂土效果的试验研究     

熊雨  邓华锋  李建林  程雷  朱文羲 《岩土力学》2022,43(12):3403-3415

为了提升微生物固化砂土的效果,考虑火山灰的多孔结构及活性特征,设计进行了火山灰增强微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀（MICP）固化砂土试验,综合宏观物理力学试验和微细观检测,系统分析了火山灰对微生物固化砂土的增强效果及增强机制。结果表明：（1）火山灰能够显著提高砂土微生物加固过程中的固菌率和胶结物产量,火山灰掺量在10%左右达到最佳,与常规MICP相比,固菌率提高了118.28%,胶结物生成量提高了29.55%。（2）火山灰的掺入提高了固化体的抗压强度和抵抗变形的能力,不同围压下固化体的抗压强度提升了52.26%～62.96%,破坏时的应变增加了100.00%～112.58%。（3）火山灰掺入后,固化体的孔隙大小及孔隙率明显减小,整体的密实性及抗渗性能进一步提升,孔隙率从20.12%减小为14.17%,渗透系数降低了一个数量级。（4）火山灰对微生物固化砂土的增强机制主要包括3个方面,一方面,火山灰在砂颗粒间起到了良好的充填作用,大幅减少了颗粒间的大孔隙,使得固化体的密实性增强;另一方面,火山灰良好的吸附作用有效提高了试样内细菌的含量,使固化体碳酸钙的产量及分布的均匀性均增加;第3方面,火山灰中的活性物质参与反应生成的胶凝物质与碳酸钙晶体形成复合凝胶体,使得固化体的胶结性能和密实程度进一步增强。  相似文献   

灌注桩动力特性试验与数值模拟研究     

丁扬  熊晔  陈孜孜  吴晓寒  王小波 《岩土力学》2022,43(Z2):640-646

结合某风洞建设项目现场桩基动力特性试验,采用三维有限差分模拟软件FLAC^3D建立双桩模型基础进行计算机仿真,分析结果与试验数据吻合良好,验证了基于桩−土−结构共同作用开展数值模拟求解设备荷载作用下桩基础动力响应方法的合理性。进一步建立灌注桩后注浆模型,探讨采取不同桩侧阻力和桩端阻力增强系数对桩基动力特性的影响。结果表明：灌注桩后注浆对竖向振动的共振频率没有影响,对水平回转振动的共振频率、最大振幅、地基抗剪刚度系数和地基水平转向第1振型阻尼比的影响均很小;灌注桩后注浆能起到提高桩基抗压刚度、减少桩基最大振幅的效果,但相对于未注浆其效果有限。  相似文献   

Tooth Plates of Ceratodus (Dipnoi, Ceratodontidae) from the Upper Jurassic Shaximiao Formation of Guang’an, Sichuan Province, China     

WANG Zizheng  JIANG Xinsheng  WANG Xiaobing  GAO Jianguo  ZHU Sibao 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(3):766-775

Ceratodus is a form genus of ceratodontid lungfishes. Until now, only 14 specimens have been reported from the Mesozoic of China. Detailed measurements and characteristic comparisons based on 15 well-preserved lungfish tooth plates of Ceratodus type, uncovered from the upper member of the Upper Jurassic Shaximiao Formation at Luojiashan, Qianfeng District, Guang''an, Sichuan Province in 2019, allow us to establish a new species, Ceratodus guanganensis sp. nov., on the basis of its small swollen irregular triangular tooth plate with four low and swollen radial crests on the occlusal surface without denticles. Other specimens from the same locality can be referred to C. szechuanensis and C. youngi. This is the first discovery of Ceratodus in the Guang''an region and represents the fifth Ceratodus fossil site in the Sichuan Basin. The discovery indicates that the climate was hot and arid in the Sichuan Basin during the Late Jurassic, and reveals a tectonic paleogeographic relationship between the Yangtze block in southwestern China and the Kola Basin in northern Thailand.  相似文献   

基于深部地球物理信息的构造变形岩相分类研究     

张宝林  吕古贤  余建国  梁光河  李志远  徐兴旺  胡宝群  王红才  毕珉峰  焦建刚  王翠芝 《地学前缘》2022,29(1):413-426

“构造变形岩相”填图方法的创立和应用为老矿区深部及外围的找矿工作指明了方向,在实践中取得了显著的效果,需要大力推广和深入研究。对于构造变形岩相带的深部结构认识,需要依靠地球物理信息的解译。与地球物理场性质相类似,构造变形岩相带也是一个现存的地质体;物探工作目的是要探测和揭示构造变形岩相带的埋深、轮廓、内部结构构造等特征,为确定其形成时间和演化过程提供依据。由于地质与地球物理的复杂时空关系,如果仅以新鲜岩石标本物性参数的差异作为判别标志,难以提高地球物理方法的分辨率和有效性。结合构造变形岩相进行综合解译,更能提高解释推断成果的多学科融合性。作为终极勘探目标,需要紧密结合构造控矿级序,建立构造变形岩相带的三级分类标准,提取对应的地球物理信息:一级构造变形岩相带为目标物所处的构造单元及构造应力场,及其所对应的区域地球物理场特征,如隆凹构造相间的伸展构造域;二级构造变形岩相带为目标物所处的控矿构造体系,及其所对应的矿田地球物理场特征,如岩浆核杂岩隆起-拆离构造系统;三级构造变形岩相带为目标物所在的有利成矿构造部位,及其所对应于关键剖面的地球物理特征,如侵入岩体与围岩的接触带或者含矿断裂带等。选择国际流行的典型金属矿床类型,介绍了三级构造变形岩相带的地球物理组合信息特征及其分级利用操作流程,为有效应用地球物理勘探方法开展深部找矿预测提供了范例。  相似文献   

滦平盆地西瓜园组中段厚层砾岩沉积特征及成因机制研究:来自滦页1井全井段连续取心的证据     

王成  姜在兴  孔祥鑫  张元福  张建国  袁晓冬  刘晓宁 《地学前缘》2022,29(3):340-355

为了探讨陆相断陷盆地厚层砾岩的沉积特征、成因机制和控制因素,寻找有利勘探目标,以滦平盆地西瓜园组中段厚层砾岩为研究对象,运用沉积学理论,结合测井、录井、岩心、薄片和测试结果,对厚层砾岩的岩相及岩相组合、沉积构造和电性进行分析。研究表明,西瓜园组中段厚层砾岩具有被黑色页岩包裹的特征,即顶、底部与黑色页岩突变接触。岩心中大量的黄铁矿和部分敏感元素指标反映了缺氧的强还原环境,表明其为深水环境中的砾岩体。基于不同成因,共识别出滑动、滑塌2种重力流类型。滑动沉积主要包括6种岩相、5种岩相组合,以主滑动面、次滑动面、高角度层理,以及层内小型正断层和逆断层为主要识别标志;滑塌沉积包括6种岩相、4种岩相组合,以滑动面、滑塌变形构造、包卷层理、泄水构造、变形砾以及部分原生层理(粒序层理)为主要识别标志。根据滑动面的发育位置、自然伽马曲线和声波曲线的幅度变化特征,可以划分出4期滑动沉积。西瓜园组时期滦平盆地的边缘坡折带、物源供给和一定的触发机制共同控制深水滑动、滑塌型重力流的形成,结合控制因素和沉积特征建立陆相断陷湖盆陡坡带滑动-滑塌型重力流的发育模式。  相似文献   

琼东南盆地深水区构造演化及东西段构造差异对比     

贺婉慧  汪伟  尹宏伟  刘绍文  朱继田  熊小峰 《高校地质学报》2022,28(5):644-654

以琼东南盆地为研究对象,在地震资料构造解释的基础上,选取琼东南盆地6条典型剖面,采用面积守恒法对其进行平衡剖面的恢复,计算出各个剖面在不同时期的拉张量以及拉张率,以此为基础对琼东南盆地的构造演化过程及区域性差异进行了定性以及定量分析。研究表明,在琼东南盆地中部位置,水平拉张率显著减小并较为稳定,表明盆地内部的打开是均匀的;琼东南盆地新生代的构造演化分为四个阶段,65~33.9 Ma: 盆地伸展活动开始;33.9~23 Ma: 盆地伸展活动增强并达到顶峰;23~10.5 Ma: 伸展活动明显减弱,发育了少量继承性断层;10.5~0 Ma: 平静沉积,基本没有断裂活动。琼东南盆地东西段构造样式存在明显差异,盆地西部断裂数量较少,单一断层断距大,有利于油气从烃源岩向内部储层运移填充,上部形成良好的盖层,防止油气的逃逸;盆地东段地堑内部发育较多断裂,断裂期次多、组合复杂,沉积盖层厚度薄,不利于油气的保存。基底性质和先存断裂影响着琼东南盆地东、西部的构造演化。  相似文献   

Reservoir Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of the Mesozoic Granite Buried Hills in the Deep‐water of the Qiongdongnan Basin,Northern South China Sea     

YOU Li  XU Shouli  MAO Xuelian  ZHONG Ji  JIAO Yaoqi  XIONG Xiaofeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):259-267

Due to its structure,rock and mineral composition,fluid and other factors,the granite Buried Hill Reservoir is highly heterogeneous with a complex longitudinal structure and a reservoir space made up of a combination of dissolution pores and fractures.This paper is based on current understanding of tectonic evolution in the northern part of the South China Sea,in conjunction with the seismic phase characteristics.It is determined that the meshed fault system was formed by three stages of movement-tectonic compression orogeny during the Indochinese epoch,strike-slip compression-tension during the Yanshanian Period,early fracture extension activation during the Himalayan-which controlled the distribution of the Buried Hill Reservoir.Drilling revealed two types of buried hills,faulted anticline and fault horst,their longitudinal structure and the reservoir space type being significantly different.The mineral composition,reservoir space and diagenetic characteristics of the reservoir rocks and minerals were analyzed by lithogeochemistry,micro section and logging etc.,it thus being determined that the Mesozoic rocks of the Songnan Low Uplift in the Qiongdongnan Basin are mainly composed of syenogranite,granodiorite,monzogranite,which is the material basis for the development of the Buried Hill Reservoir.The content of felsic and other brittle minerals is more than 70%,making it easy for it to be transformed into fractures.At the same time,the weathering resistance of granodiorite and monzogranite is weaker than that of syenogranite,which is easily weathered and destroyed,forming a thick sand gravel weathering zone.With increasing depth of burial,weathering and dissolution gradually weaken,the deep acidic fluid improving the reservoir property of internal fractures and expanding the vertical distribution range of the reservoirs.The research results lay a foundation for the exploration of Buried Hill in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin.  相似文献   

Distribution Prediction of Middle-deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag,Pearl Mouth Basin     

XIONG Lianqiao  XIE Xiaojun  ZHAO Zhao  ZHANG Chunyu  WANG Long  LIAO Jihu  CAI Lulu  XU Wei 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):248-258

Oil and gas shows are rich in drilling wells in Kaiping sag,however,large oilfield was still not found in this area.For a long time,it is thought that source rocks were developed in the middle-deep lacustrine facies in the Eocene Wenchang Formation,while there is no source rocks that in middle-deep lacustrine facies have been found in well.Thickness of Wenchang Formation is big and reservoirs with good properties could be found in this formation.Distribution and scale of source rock are significant for further direction of petroleum exploration.Distribution characterization of middle-deep lacustrine facies is the base for source rock research.Based on the sedimentary background,fault activity rate,seismic response features,and seismic attributes were analyzed.No limited classification method and multi-attributes neural network deep learning method were used for predicting of source rock distribution in Wenchang Formation.It is found that during the deposition of lower Wenchang Formation,activity rate of main fault controlling the sub sag sedimentation was bigger than 100 m/Ma,which formed development background for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Compared with the seismic response of middle-deep lacustrine source rocks developed in Zhu I depression,those in Kaiping sag are characterized in low frequency and good continuity.Through RGB frequency decomposition,areas with low frequency are main distribution parts for middle-deep lacustrine facies.Dominant frequency,instantaneous frequency,and coherency attributes of seismic could be used in no limited classification method for further identification of middle-deep lacustrine facies.Based on the limitation of geology knowledge,multi-attributes of seismic were analyzed through neural network deep learning method.Distribution of middle-deep lacustrine facies in the fourth member of Wenchang Formation is oriented from west to east and is the largest.Square of the middle-deep lacustrine facies in that member is 154 km²and the volume is 50 km³.Achievements could be bases for hydrocarbon accumulation study and for exploration target optimization in Kaiping sag.  相似文献